Why the Dhul-Qarnayn's dam is impenetrable? A Chemical and physical study

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Ph.D. in Chemistry, shahid beheshti university

Abstract

By development of human scientific abilities, more miracle aspects and wonders of the Qur’an have been recognized. Stating the story of Dhu al-Qarnayn and constructing of dam, verses (Q.18:83-98) have pointed some valuable scientific aspects regarding chemistry, physics and metallurgy. The instruction for the structure reveals the non-accidental process, because the precise expected physical, chemical and metallurgical properties. The three-layer structures of dam with dendrite like microstructure in its matrix will guarantee the durable structure against most chemical destructive agent, mechanical damage and thermal threats. Hence the powerful people of Gog and Magog could not overcome the high tensile strength of iron, high ductility of copper and the high toughness of CuFe alloy. The high thermal and temperature resistance are the evidence for more structural power. Such masterpiece of engineering, in technology of alloying, could not be based on the knowledge of common craftsmen of that time, but it must have been based on superhuman wisdom. Consequently, although the Qur’an is a book of guidance, but it reports some original scientific issues, such as the Dhu al-Qarnayn story. These were not known in the age of revelation and after progressing in science, but the truth of considered issues has been proved. However, because of the clear instruction, and the precise prediction of properties, it is possible to use the verses as an excellent idea for scientific advancement, rather than reporting events. 

Keywords


The Holy Qur'an, trans. Picktal & Sahih International translation.
Agunsoye, J. O., Bello, S. A., Hassan, S. B., Adeyemo, R. G., Odii, J. M. (2014). The Effect of Copper Addition on the Mechanical and Wear Properties of Grey Cast Iron. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 2, 470-483. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2014.25048
Chen, Y. Z., Liu, F., Yang, G. C., Xu, X. Q., Zhou, Y. H. (2007). Rapid Solidification of Bulk Undercooled Hypoperitectic Fe-Cu Alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 427, 1-l5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.03.012
Cook, D. (2005). Contemporary Muslim Apocalyptic Literature. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press.
Craddock, P.T. & Eckstein, K. (2003). Production of Brass in Antiquity by Direct Reduction. In Craddock, R., Lang, J. (Eds). Mining and Metal Production Through the Ages, 216-220. London: Archetype.
Kermanpur, A., Shamanian, M., Esfahani Yeganeh, V. (2008). Three-Dimensional Thermal Simulation and Experimental Investigation of GTAW Circumferentially Butt Welded Incoloy 800 Pipes. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 99, 295-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.08.009
Mofidi, J. (1998). Iliktrushīmī-yi Ṣanʻatī (Industrial Electrochemistry). Tehran: Tehran University.
Moghaddasi, A., Zahedi, M. (2013). Phenomenal Properties of Gold Nanocluster with no Chemical Interaction with O2: Field Effect and electron Pumping. J. Phys. Chem. C, 117 (40). https://doi.org/10.1021/jp401605j
Rezaei Esfahani, M. A. (2001). Pazhūhishī dar Iʻjāz-i ‘Ilmī-yi Qur’ān (Research about the Scientific Miracle of the Holy Qur’an). Rasht: Kitāb-i Mubīn.
Ruette, M. De (1995). From Contrefei and Speauter to Zinc: The Development of the Understanding of the Nature of Zinc and Brass in Post Medieval Europe. In Hook, D.R., Gaimster, D. R. M. (Eds). Trade and Discovery: The Scientific Study of Artefacts from Post Medieval Europe and Beyond, 195-203. London: British Museum Occasional Papers 109.
Skoog, D. A., West, M.W., Holler, F.J. (2003). Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry. Philadelphia: Saunders.
Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB. (2006). Kapsel för använt kärnbränsle; Tillverkning av kapsel komponenter. Stockholm: SKB Rapport R-06-03.
Thornton, C.P. (2007). Of brass and bronze in prehistoric southwest Asia. In La Niece, S., Hook, D., Craddock, P. (Eds). Metals and Mines Studies in Archaeometallurgy, 123-135. London: Archetype.